Russia has stopped gas supplies to Ukraine after it missed a bill payment deadline, prompting fears European Union imports will be hit. State-owned Gazprom said Ukraine's Naftogaz had failed to pay the $1.9bn of its $4.5bn (£2.7bn) debt by the 0600 GMT (0700 BST) deadline set by Moscow and, as a result, the company would have to pay up front for its gas in future.