According to the organizers of the commissioning ceremony of the Turkish Stream gas pipeline, the participation of Vladimir Putin was to demonstrate the effectiveness of Russian efforts to create new transit gas pipelines that would allow European countries to receive gas without traditional intermediaries – specifically, without Ukraine, of course.
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Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan (R) and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin attend a ceremony to mark the completion of the sea part of the TurkStream gas pipeline, in Istanbul, on Nov. 19, 2018.
